Thursday, October 02, 2014

Nwulite Asụsụ Na Omenala Igbo

Mwulite Ass Na Omenala Igbo Na Kleeji zz Nd Nkz: z A Pr gbaso

Ebere Dominic Chibuzor
Ngalaba Ass Igbo, Kleeji zz Nd Nkz Gọọmenti Etiti D Na Kano.
dominozion@yahoo.com

mi Edemede
tt mgbe, imeriime m af Igbo anagh eji ass Igbo ebido ikwu okwu. Tmad nd nne na nna ha rr r bekee n’obodo nd mepere emepe na mpga ala Igbo. tt n’ime ha ji ass a gwara ogwa akwapta uche ha. Maka maka nd d etu a, ohere z ha nwere mta ass na omenala Igbo bz n’lakwkw. E ruo n’ lakwkw, naghkwa adịịmfe n’ihi na ha na-amz ass Igbo d ka ass nke abụọ. nd a wee br nnukwu ihe ndlaaz nye mm ass na omenala Igbo. ta adghr d  maka nd a n’ihi na b ass nwata na-ankar na gburugburu ebe obibi ya ka na-ebu z amta.  b nke a kpatara o ji d oke mkpa ch z a ga-esi chpta ma gbochie ihe ndlaaz niile na-egbochi ezi agamnihu n’mm ass na omenala Igbo n’lakwkw tmad na Kleeji ebe a na-azpta nd ga-akzass nd a. N’ime nke a, ihe nchcha a gbasoro usoro nchcha nkwasi na nnyocha ya. Ihe nchcha a gosiptara na enwegh mmas so br nnukwu ihe ndlaaz nye mm ass na omenala Igbo. kwadoro usoro nkz ga-akwalite mmas makwkw n’mm ass nke ga-eme ka ass, tmadass nne nr n’ogo kwesr ya n’mm ihe. N’ikpeaz, a chktara ihe niile a rtr aka n’edemede ma site na ya wepta ndmd na mmechi zuru oke.


1.0. Ndubanye
Ass b nnukwu ihe onyinye Chineke nyere mmad. N’ihe okike niile, b sọọs mmad ka Chineke nyere onyinye a. b ass ka mmad na ibe ya ji enwe mmekrta nke ga-eme ka e nwee nghta n’isiokwu a na-ekwu maka ya. D ka Emenanj (2009) si kwaa ya:
                     Onye chr irịọ ihe, b ass ka o ji egosi ya. Onye chr izipta anr ma b iwe d ya n’obi, b ass ka o ji eme ya. Chekene ka wa ga-ad ma a s na ass adgh, Redio na Tiivi agagh aba uru bla(p. 3)

Ass mb nwa ga-amta d oke mkpa. mm ass na-enye mmad nghta pr iche gbasara omenala na ewumewu nd nwe ass. Nke a kpatara okporo atmaat iwu e hiwere maka mmta n’ala Najra (NPE 1981), ji sie nw s
                      …To achieve the objectives (of pre-primary education), Government will ensure to it that the medium of instruction in the primary schools is initially the mother-tongue or the language of the immediate community and, at a later stage, English (pp. 10-13).
Ihe a na-akwa ebe a b na iji mejpta ebumnobi mmta taakara, Gọọmenti ga-agbasi mb ike hu na a ga-ejiriri ass nna nwata kziere nwa ihe na mbido mm ihe n’lakwk taakara, ma af at gasa, s wereza Bekee. Atmaat a gakwara n’ihu kwuo na banye lakwkw sekndr, ga-amu otu ass ala Najra z tinyere ass e ji kuo ya mmiri.  Atmaat a magburu onwe ya. Ma ruo kwa taa, gagh n’anya ya n’anya ya.

N’ime ass niile n n’ala Najra, b nke Emenanj (2003) s na o ruru ihe d ka nar abụọ ruo nar ise, ass Igbo b ot n’ime an nd gbara kprkp. mm ass Igbo alaala az nke ukwuu kara ass nd z gbara kprkp n’ala Najra (Awsa,Yoroba, Fulfulde). tt m Igbo jiri ass d ka Bekee a gwaktara ya na Igbo bido ikwu okwu, ebe nd z na-as Pijin. Ihe tt na-aghta n’ ass Igbo akargh, ‘Ba ebe a!’, ‘Gn b aha g?’, ‘b gn?’ mb ‘An fa!’ na ‘Mechie n g!’ Nchpta fd ndịọkammta mere, d ka nke Ohiri-Aniche (2002) gosptara na z iteghete n’ime nar maka Igbo anagh an ass Igbo ma l. Ihe a a na-ekwu abgh maka sọọs maka, tt nd nne na nna amachagh as Igbo fma, d ka n’iji Igbo kwuo ahrokwu an mab ise n’etinyegh Bekee, ma ya fdza m ha.

Oge a chr iji ass ala Najra at gbara kprkp (Igbo, Awsa, na Yoroba) edepta okporo iwu nd na-ach ala any ma kesara ya haneze, tt nd nnchite anya any n’l nzuk ome iwu Najra so na nd mb gbara ya b atmat kw. fd ji n ha gwa nd nta akk na ha agagh enwe ike gpta ndepta a ma br na e jiri ass Igbo dee ya. b nke a kpatara o ji d mkpa kwalite mm ass Igbo n’lakwkw any ha, bido n’ taakara ruo na Mahadum.

mm ass Igbo bara d mkpa karchaa na kleeji zz nd nkz n’ihi na b ebe a ka a na enye nwataakwukwo zz n’z kas mma e si akuzi ihe, kachasass, Omenala, Ewumewu, na tass Igbo. b ha ka e kwesiri ihi aja n’ukwu n’ihi na ha nweta ezi zz, usoro nkz ha ga-enye aka ma mee ka makwkw na-enwe mmasi n’mm ass na omenala Igbo. Aba na kleeji zz nd nkz, e nwere d krklm abụọ e ji akzass Igbo. Nke mb b maka nd na-am ass Igbo d ka ass mb (A1), ebe nke abụọ b nd na-am ya d ka ass nke abụọ ha (A2). b ya mere onye bla chr ganihu nd Igbo na ass Igbo ji ach z a ga-esi kwalite nkz na mm ass Igbo. z b na fd makwkw gr ass Igbo na Mahadum anagh enwe zz zuru oke n’okporo nkz.

N’edemede a, mgbe bla any na-ekwu maka ‘ass’ Igbo, ebumnuche any gnyere omenala na ewumewu nd Igbo. Ass na omenala mba na-aga aka na aka. Ihe kpatara nke a b na Omenala n d ka uwe e ji chọọ ass mma, nke na nwa bla ma ass nna ya ma kwa omenala nna ya, nke amaghnna ya agagh ama omenala nna ya. tt nd ma ihe a na-ak na sayensi ass kwektara na ass b ejirimara kachas ibe ya na nd mmad ma b obodo, (Whorf, 1956, na Kammel, 2006, p. 100). Mba bla ass ha furu, omenala ha efuola; nke omenala ha furu, ihe ahbaama ha efuola.

2.0. Mb Nd A Gbarala
(a).       Agbaala mb d iche iche iji wulite mm ass na omenala Igbo na Kleji zz nd nkz. Otu n’ime ha b nhiwe e hiwere otu jiktara nd nkz ass Igbo, na gburugburu ala Najra af ole na ole gara aga, nke a enyela aka mee ka nd nkz na-agakta kwa af iji tlee okwu nd a kp n’n ma chepta z nd ga-enye aka bute agamnihu.

(b).       zkwa, site na ntziaka nd N.C.C.E., e meela ka ngalaba ass na omenala Igbo nr n’ogo nnọọronwe na tt Kleeji zz nd nkz, ya b ikewapta ya site na ngalaba ass ala Najra. nd a mere ka nd nkz ass Igbo nwee ike gbanah fd ihe mkpagbu a na-ah  ebe e buktara ass Najra niile n’otu ngalaba, nyekwa ha ikikere hazi onwe ha n’z kwesiri ekwesi.

(ch).     Otu akk mm ass Igbo tara akp b njem nleta ala Igbo. Njem mm ihe izu isii a na-eri ego buru ibu. Iji belata ihe nramah dịịr makwkw n’chta ego ha ji eme njem nleta na mm ihe gbasara ala Igbo, a na-ekesara makwkw akwkw leta ha ga-eji nata enyemaka site n’aka nne na nna, ikwu na ibe nakwa chch steti na nke ime obodo ha.

 (d).         Inwe mmas d oke mkpa n’ihe bla mmad na-eme. Iji kwalite ogo mmas makwkw nwere n’mm ass Igbo, nd nkz ass Igbo kwektara na a ga-ewebata egwu na ch n’mm ihe. Aba n’fd Kleeji nd n n’ugwu Awsa, enweela otu egwu makwkw na-am ass Igbo, ma na-emekwa bch ncheta omenala Igbo kwa af. Emume a mettara ejiji, nri, na egwuregwu Igbo, nke na-eme ka makwkw na enwewanye mmas n’mm ass Igbo.

3.0. Ihe Ndlaaz Nd z
(a).       b eziokwu na tt ihe agbanwoola kamgbe otu mm ass Igbo (ISA) bidoro ibuso ihe ndlaaz nd a agha. N’agbanyegh mb niile nd a a gbarala iji kwalite mm ass Igbo, ihe na-eben ka na-ebe. Ihe kpatara nke a b na tt nd Igbo enwebegh mmas zuru oke n’ebe ass ha n. Nsogbu a kacha nj ebe magbgh na-eje akwkw n. d mkpa ime ka ha mata na onye bla na-as ass nd z ma leghara nke ya anya na-eme onwe ya ohu nd ah na-as ass ha, (Chinagorom, 2006, p. 60)

(b).       A ba n’fd lakwkw, nsogbu nd z d kwa.  Enwechagh nd nkz a zr fma na okporo nkz ass. Nd isi kleeji zz nd nkz steeti nwe n na Kano kwsr mm ass Igbo n’af 1998 n’ihi na ha enwetagh nd nkz ga-akzr makwkw ass Igbo. Enwetagh nd nkz zuru oke na-abkar nsogbu n’lakwkw nd no na mpga ala Igbo tmad ugwu Awsa.

(ch).     Ngwa nkz zuru oke kr k n’tt kleeji zz nd nkz tmad nd e ji akz omenala. Nke a mettara ma kleeji nd gọọmenti etiti nwe ma nke nd steeti. Ngwa nkz nd a gnyere apmaap d iche iche d ka umu Okpesi, Ikenga, Ekpo, f, dgz. bghkwa kleeji niile nwezuru ngwa egwu dnala nd Igbo.

 (d).      Akamgba z chere ammam Igbo b nsogbu ndek na ndesa ya b nsogbu tgraf. Nd kammta d iche iche eweptala z ha chere kas mma n’odide ass Igbo ma n’ezie enwebegh nkwekrta zuru oke na ndek na ndesa imeriime mkprokwu.

(e).       Ihe z ka b nsogbu nye ammaam Igbo b nkesa akwkw gg Igbo. Inweta akwkw Igbo na-ara ah n’akk Najra fd d ka n’ugwu Awsa. Aba kpmkwem n’obodo Kano nakwa Katsina, akwkw Igbo nd a na-ahkar n’aha b nke nd sekndr. N’ajj n a jr fd nd na-ere akwkw n’obodo abụọ nd a, ha kwara na na-ete aka tupu ha erep  akwkw nd e dere maka lakwkw nd d elu. Ha kwetara na ha na-erepu nke nd sekndr tmad na mbido tam bla. Site na azza a nd na-ere akwkw nyere, otu ihe doro anya b na nụọgg nd na-am ass Igbo pere mpe n’lakwkw nd d elu ma na kano ma na Katsina.

(f).        Na nchcha Kammel (2006, p. 98) deptara gbasara nd ammam Igbo na kleeji zz nd nkz nd n n’dda anyanw ala Najra, nụọgg makwkw na-am ass Igbo na-agba anya mmiri. Nchcha Kammel a gosptara na aba na kleeji zz nd nkz asaa n n’dda anyanw ala Najra, nụọgg m Igbo debatara aha na ngalaba ass Igbo enwegh oge karr mmad iri na gburugburu kleeji niile n n’akk Najra ah n’ime af iri nchcha a gbadoro kw.

(g).       Ohiri-Aniche, (2006, p. 47) gosptara na nụọgg makwkw na-am ass Igbo na kleeji zz nd nkz pere mpe kara nd no na ngalaba Awsa, French, Yoroba, na Ingilishi.  A na-ag ole ghara ibe ya, a ba na kleeji Alvan Ikokwu d n’Owere kpm kwem na akk ass Igbo, sọọs makwkw iri n na kilaas nd na-ap ap, n’ime mmad iri a, sọọs isii na-agbasi mb ike.

4.0. z A Pr gbaso
(a).       Inwe mmas d oke mkpa n’ihe bla mmad na-eme. na-enye mmadu agbamume n’mm ass weta hnanya na almdi ma na-ebute mmepe na ganihu n’obodo. z kachas mma iji mee ka mmụọ m Igbo n na kleeji zz nd nkz na an k n’ihe gbasara ass Igbo b site n’iwebata asmmpi ass na omenala Igbo nke a ga-erite ego gbara kprkp na ya. E nwere ike I hiwe nke a na mbido af bla. A ga eme ka nd nta akk gos asmmpi a n’onyonyo Tiivi na Redio ka kpụọ k n’n.

(b).       zkwa, iji kwalite mmas ha n’mm Igbo, makwkw na-am ass Igbo na kleeji any ha kwesr ka a na- akw ha nchnch ego ha ga-eji nyere onwe ha aka n’lakwkw. d enyemaka a ga-adta mmụọ m Igbo n na ngalaba nd z.

(ch).     dkwa mkpa ikwalite nụọgg ngwa e ji akz ihe na kleeji zz nd nkz site n’ime ka gọọmenti ala Najra gbaa mb h na eweghachitere m ihe kp any ha b


n ugbu a na-ezu ike n’l nlere muzium nd cha. Nke a ga-eme ka ngwa nkz omenala Igbo zuwanye oke.

(d).       bgh naani I weghachi nd furu efu, a ga-akws gbgba k nd otu ka d iche iche na-agba m ihe kp nd fdr n’ala Igbo.

Nchkta na Mmechi
N’ihe ndepta a, nke gbadoro kw na z a pr gbaso iji mwulite ass na omenala Igbo n’ogo priche na kleeji zz nd nkz, a kwaptara uru ass bara mere o ji d mkpa kwado ya, nakwa nd jọọ ass Igbo n n’etiti ass nd z gbara kprkp n’ala Najra. Ndepta a egosptala fd mb nd a gbarala iji tghap mm ass Igbo n’gb ji ya. tt n’ime mb nd a gbadoro kw n’iwulite mmas makwkw na-am ass Igbo. Nchcha a mere ka a mata ihe ndlaaz nd ka fdr na kleeji zz nd nkz nakwa z a ga-esi buso ha agha. Nd chch kwesr iji ass Igbo agwa nd ha na-ach okwu d ka nd Awsa na Yoroba si eme. mokoroba kwesr iji Igbo anr mgbe. N’ikpeaz, iji mee ka ass Igbo br kaibe e ji ohere a akplite nd Igbo n’ra ka ass any gharakwa ifunar any. r a chr mgbak aka onye bla, kachas nd n na-eru n’okwu. Onwegh mkprokwu Igbo na-eme ihere, tara b tara ofe b ofe, onye bla tinye aka na ihe fr otu agwla agw.


Edensibia
Chinagorom, L.C., (2006). Ass Igbo na ganihu Ala Igbo. Journal of Igbo Studies,  vol. 1. Pp. 59 - 64.
Emenanjo, E.N. (2003). How many Nigerian languages are there? Issues on the definition and identification of language in O.M. Ndimele, (ed) Four decades in the study of languages and linguistics in Nigeria: A Festschrift for Kay Williamson. Aba: NINLAN: Pp.89-100.
Emenanjo, E.N. (2009). Nchkta Ass na tass Igbo Izugbe. Lagos: Longman.

Federal Republic of  Nigeria, (1981). National Policy on Education.  

Kammel, N.C. (2006). A decade of Igbo studies: A survey of colleges of education in  the south-west of Nigeria. Journal of Igbo Studies, Vol.1, 2006.
Ohiri-Aniche, C. (2002). Nnyefega ass Igbo n’aka maka. Paper presented at an Igbo seminar for Ogbalu foundation and the Nigerian publishers, U.N.N. JUNE,  2002.
Ohiri-Aniche, C. (2006). Nkz na Omm Ass Igbo Kemgbe Afo Ndi 1990. Journal  of Igbo Studies, vol.1. Pp.44 – 50.
Whorf, B.L., (1956). Language: Thought and Reality. Selected writings of Benjamin Lee        Whorf. J.B. Caroll (ed.). Massachusettes: MIT Press.

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